15 Early Signs of Pregnancy

Women experience different symptoms during pregnancy. Some symptoms affect more women than others and in different ways. A missed or delayed period is one of the most important pregnancy symptoms for the majority of women.

It is essential to understand the different pregnancy symptoms and signs as some can be related to other issues. Some women have the first experiences just a week or two after conceiving but many feel nothing for weeks and up to a month after conception.

Watch Out for These Early Symptoms of Pregnancy

The early pregnancy symptoms including headaches, nausea, the lower back aching, the breasts becoming tender and missing a period. You should take a home pregnancy test if you suffer from these symptoms and are sexually active.

1. Spotting

When the egg implants in the uterus, it can cause a small amount of bleeding, commonly referred to as spotting. This happens between six and 12 days after conceiving and can also occur with some cramping. This doesn’t happen for all women — if you don’t see it, it doesn’t mean you’re not pregnant. However, this bleeding can occur for the following reasons: a change in menstruation or your actual menstruation, an infection, a change to your birth control or abrasion during intercourse. You might notice this spotting as light pink or brown discharge, often mistaken for the start of a period.

According to NHS guidance on pregnancy symptoms, implantation bleeding is typically much lighter than a normal period and doesn’t last as long. If you’re experiencing spotting and think you might be pregnant, it’s worth taking an early pregnancy test around the time your period would normally be due.

2. Changes to Your Menstruation

A missed period is one of the most common symptoms that women suffer from and leads them to test for pregnancy. You should miss your next period but some women find that they bleed during this time. If you do bleed, it’ll usually be lighter or shorter than your usual period. Changes to your menstruation occur for other reasons, including fatigue, stress and tension, stopping or missing birth control, hormonal issues, excessive loss or gains in weight, breastfeeding and illness. Keep in mind, though, that every woman’s body reacts differently – you might experience subtle changes weeks before your missed period.

The NHS recommends that you can take a pregnancy test from the first day of your missed period for the most reliable results. Some sensitive tests can detect pregnancy hormones even earlier, but waiting until your period is due reduces the chance of a false negative.

3. Suffering from Tender and Swollen Breasts

Tender or swollen breasts can occur just a week or two after conceiving. They could be sore to touch or clothes may become irritable. They may also swell due to hormonal changes and water retention. However, changes to the breasts can happen for many other reasons, including pre-menstrual, a change or side effect from your birth control pill or an imbalance in your hormone levels. You’ll likely notice your bras feeling snugger than usual, and you might even go up a cup size or two as your pregnancy progresses.

4. Tiredness and Fatigue

Pregnancy is a tiring time and feeling extra tired or fatigued can occur within the first week of conceiving. However, tiredness and exhaustion happens for many other reasons on a daily basis. Some include being ill, such as the flu or a common cold, depression, stress or trouble sleeping. You might find yourself hitting the snooze button more often or struggling to keep your eyes open during your favourite TV show – don’t worry, it’s your body’s way of telling you to slow down and rest.

5. Pregnancy Sickness and Nausea

This is one of the most well-known symptoms in pregnancy and usually appears between two and eight weeks after conceiving. A small number of women don’t suffer from this at all while some can suffer from pregnancy sickness at all times of the day and throughout the pregnancy. Nausea happens for many reasons including changing your birth control, stomach illnesses, food poisoning and stress. You might discover that certain smells, which never bothered you before, now send you running to the bathroom – your heightened sense of smell can make morning sickness worse.

6. Pain in the Lower Back

Pain in the lower back is common in early pregnancy but many women experience a dull ache for their whole pregnancy. This can also happen for reasons such as back issues, pre-menstrual, strains or stress. You might find relief by using a heating pad on low settings or trying gentle prenatal yoga stretches – just be sure to check with your doctor first.

7. Onset of Headaches

Headaches occur with the sudden change in hormones. They also happen because of eye strain, illness, dehydration and withdrawal from caffeine. If you’re prone to migraines, you might notice a change in their frequency or intensity during early pregnancy – some women experience fewer headaches, while others might have more.

8. Needing to Urinate Often

Pregnant women find that between weeks six and eight after conceiving, they need to urinate more often. This could also be because of increasing the amount of fluid you drink, a urinary tract infection or suffering from diabetes. You’ll probably become well-acquainted with every bathroom in your workplace and favourite hangouts – your growing uterus puts pressure on your bladder, even before you start showing.

9. The Areolas Darken

The area around the nipples can darken during pregnancy. This also happens when there are other changes to the hormones or occurred in an early pregnancy. You might notice your areolas growing larger as well, preparing your body for breastfeeding – nature’s way of making it easier for your newborn to latch on.

10. Changing in Food Preferences

Whether you start to crave certain foods or develop aversions from others, changes in your food preferences is an early pregnancy sign. This change can occur for the whole nine months and is different for all women. However, a change in food preferences also occur because of the body lacking in some nutrients, illness, a poor diet, pre-menstrual, depression and stress. You might find yourself suddenly craving foods you’ve never liked before, or feeling repulsed by your favourite dishes – your taste buds are on a wild rollercoaster ride.

11. Heightened Sense of Smell

A heightened sense of smell, also called hyperosmia, is common in early pregnancy. Smells that were barely noticed before may suddenly become very strong and unpleasant. This is caused by hormonal changes and sensitivity to certain smells. However, illnesses like the flu or common cold can also cause a temporary heightened sense of smell. You might find yourself playing detective, sniffing out odours that no one else seems to notice – it’s like your nose has suddenly developed superpowers.

12. Constipation

Constipation and bloating often occur in early pregnancy due to hormonal changes slowing down digestion. The rise in progesterone relaxes muscles throughout the body, including the bowels. This allows food to pass through the intestines more slowly. Constipation can also be caused by dehydration, lack of fibre in the diet, or certain medications. You might want to befriend prunes and other high-fibre foods – they’ll become your allies in the battle against pregnancy constipation.

13. Bloating

Feeling bloated is another common early sign of pregnancy. Hormonal changes cause the muscles of your digestive system to relax, slowing down digestion. This allows gas to build up and causes bloating sensations. The rise in progesterone also tells your body to retain more fluid, contributing to that puffy, bloated feeling. Bloating can also be caused by eating large meals, too much salt or sodium in your diet, swallowing too much air when eating or drinking, or conditions like irritable bowel syndrome. You might feel like you’ve suddenly developed a food baby, even if you’ve barely eaten – pregnancy hormones can make your digestive system feel like it’s on a go-slow strike.

14. Dizziness

Dizziness or faintness often happens in early pregnancy due to the rise in progesterone. Progesterone relaxes blood vessels, causing a slight drop in blood pressure. Lower blood pressure reduces blood flow to the brain and can make you feel dizzy when standing up too quickly. Dizziness has other causes like low iron levels, low blood pressure, dehydration, or viral illnesses. You might want to practice your supermodel moves – getting up slowly and gracefully isn’t just for the catwalk, it’s a pregnancy survival skill.

15. Mood Changes

Mood swings such as feeling more emotional or frequent crying spells are common in early pregnancy. Hormones like oestrogen and progesterone rise rapidly in early pregnancy, affecting neurotransmitters that regulate mood. Stress and fatigue can also amplify mood changes. However, depression, anxiety, stress and lack of sleep are other potential causes of mood changes unrelated to pregnancy. You might find yourself laughing one minute and crying the next over a cute puppy video – welcome to the emotional rollercoaster of pregnancy hormones.

If you’re experiencing several of these symptoms and think you might be pregnant, choosing a reliable early pregnancy test can give you answers quickly. The NHS advises that home pregnancy tests are very reliable when used correctly, and many can detect pregnancy from the first day of a missed period.

In Conclusion

Recognising early pregnancy symptoms can help you understand what’s happening with your body and when to take a test. While these 15 signs are common, remember that every woman’s experience is different. Some may notice several symptoms within the first few weeks, while others might have very few or none at all.

The most reliable way to confirm pregnancy is with a home pregnancy test taken after your missed period. If you’re unsure about when to test or how accurate your results might be, consider that most tests are highly reliable when used correctly and at the right time.

If you’ve received a positive test or have concerns about your symptoms, contact your GP or midwife for proper antenatal care. The NHS provides comprehensive pregnancy support and guidance throughout your journey, from early signs through to birth and beyond.

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Photo credit: “Tired” by Anthony Cunningham for Zoom Baby

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Zoom Baby is a leading supplier of Pregnancy Tests and Ovulation Test Kits.